Knee Examination

Inspect:

• scars
• muscle wasting (quadriceps)
• length disreptancy
• swelling
• erythema
• genu valgus, genu varus
• Gait

Palpate:

• tenderness - tibial tuberosity, fibular head, med and lat joint space, patella
• temperature
• effusion - empty suprapatella bursa and perform fluid displacement, patella tap
• crepitations
• thickened synovium

Movement:

• active then passive
• flexion: 130
• extension: 0
• heel to buttock distance

ligaments:

• medial and lateral collateral - valgus and varus stress test
• cruciates - anterior draw and lachman, posterior sag

meniscus:

• Mcmurray
• medical meniscus - foot ext rotation, knee flex, hip abducted. smoothly extend leg
• lat meniscus - foot int rotation, knee flex, hip adducted