16 March 2010

Jaundice

pre-hepatic
  • haemolytic
    • transfusion
    • sickle cell
hepatic
  • liver cirrhosis
  • hepatitis
  • malignancy
post-hepatic - conjugated (pale stool, tea urine)
  • biliary obstruction
    • wall - stricture, chronic infection
    • lumen - gall stone
    • external - mass, pancreatic head
look for chronic liver disease signs
  • clubbing
  • hepatic flap
  • pupra
  • excoriation marks
  • spider naevi
  • gynaecomastia
  • ascites
  • oedema
Look for cause:
  • primary abd malignancy

Cx:
  • portal HT
    • splenomegaly
    • caput medusae
Ix:
  • USG
  • ERCP
    Mx:
    • treat underlying cause
    • diversion
      • stent
      • Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drain